Language/Standard-arabic/Grammar/Prepositions-of-time-and-place/tl

Standard Arabic → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Prepositions of time and place

Prepositions of Time

In Standard Arabic, there are many different prepositions which are used to talk about time. In this lesson, we will introduce the most common ones.

Basic Prepositions

Here are some prepositions that are frequently used:

Standard Arabic	Transliteration	English
في	fee	in, during
عند	'ind	at, by
قبل	qabla	before
بعد	ba'd	after

• في (fee) means "in" or "during," and it's used to describe an indefinite point in time.

Example:

• يجتمع الطلاب في المدرسة خلال الاسبوع. (yajtami' al-tulabu fee al-madrasati khilal al-usbu') – "Students gather in school during the week."

• عند (ind) means "at" or "by," and it's used to describe a very specific time.

Example:

• سأكتب الرسالة عند العودة إلى المنزل. (saaktub al-risalah 'inda al-'awda' 'ila al-manzil) – "I will write the letter when I return home."

• قبل (qabla) means "before," and it's used to describe an event that occurred in the past, for example, "before lunch" or "before class."

Example:

• علينا تنظيف الغرفة قبل الإفطار. ( 'alayna tantheef al-ghurfah qabla al-'iftar) – "We have to clean the room before breakfast."

• بعد (ba'd) means "after," and it's used to describe an event that occurred in the past, for example, "after class" or "after dinner."

Example:

• سأقرأ الكتاب بعد العشاء. (sa'aqra' al-kitab ba'd al-'asha') – "I will read the book after dinner."

More Specific Prepositions

Here are some of the more specific time prepositions:

Standard Arabic	Transliteration	English
حتى	hatta	until
خلال	khilal	during, within
منذ	mundhu	since
إلى	'ila	to, until

• حتى (hatta) means "until," and it's used to describe duration of time for which something will happen.

Example:

• سأعمل على هذا حتى الساعة الخامسة مساءً. (sa'a'mal 'ala hadha hatta al-sa'ah al-khamisah masa'an) – "I will work on this until 5 PM."

• خلال (khilal) means "during" or "within," and it's used to describe a period of time or a specific event. Example:
• أجتمع مع أصدقائي خلال الغداء. ( 'ajtama'e ma'a 'asdiqa'i khilal al-ghada') – "I meet with my friends during lunch."

• منذ (mundhu) means "since," and it's used to describe an event that occurred in the past, and which has continued on up to the present time. Example:
• لقد سافرت إلى مصر منذ خمس سنوات. (laqad safarat 'ila misr mundhu khamsat snawat) – "I've been traveling to Egypt since five years ago."

• إلى ( 'ila) means "to" or "until," and it's used to describe something that will happen up to a certain point in time. Example:
• سوف أقرأ الكتاب إلى النهاية. (sawfa aqra' al-kitab 'ila al-nihayah) – "I will read the book until the end."

Prepositions of Place

Standard Arabic has many different prepositions that are used to talk about location. In this lesson, we will introduce the most common ones.

Standard Prepositions

Here are some prepositions that are frequently used:

Standard Arabic	Transliteration	English
في	fee	in, inside
على	'ala	on, on top of
تحت	tahta	under, beneath
قبالة	qibalah	across from, in front of
خلف	khalf	behind
بجانب	bijanib	next to, beside

• في (fee) means "in" or "inside," and it's used to describe a location that is within a space or an object.

Example:

• القطة تريد الدخول في الصندوق. (al-qetah tureed al-dkhul fee al-sandouq) – "The cat wants to get inside the box."

• على ('ala) means "on" or "on top of," and it's used to describe a location that is on a surface or an object.

Example:

• الساعة على الجدار. (al-saa'ah 'ala al-jidar) – "The clock is on the wall."

• تحت (tahta) means "under" or "beneath," and it's used to describe a location that is below something else.

Example:

• الكتاب تحت الطاولة. (al-kitab tahta al-tawilah) – "The book is under the table."

• قبالة (qibalah) means "across from" or "in front of," and it's used to describe a location that is directly facing another object or person.

Example:

• المصرف قبالة المكتبة. (al-masrif qibalah al-maktabah) – "The bank is across from the library."

• خلف (khalf) means "behind," and it's used to describe a location that is to the back of an object or person.

Example:

• الكرسي خلف الباب. (al-kursi khalf al-bab) – "The chair is behind the door."

• بجانب (bijanib) means "next to" or "beside," and it's used to describe a location that is side-by-side with another object or person.

Example:

• المجلة بجانب السرير. (al-majallah bijanib al-sariir) – "The magazine is next to the bed."

More Specific Prepositions

Here are some of the more specific prepositions:

Standard Arabic	Transliteration	English
بين	bayna	between
أمام	'amam	in front of, facing
وسط	wust	in the middle of
جوار	gawar	nearby

• بين (bayna) means "between," and it's used to describe a location that is in the space between two other objects or people.

Example:

• الكرة بين الشجرتين. (al-kurah bayna al-shajaratayn) – "The ball is between the two trees."

• أمام ( 'amam) means "in front of" or "facing," and it's used to describe a location that is directly in front of an object or person.

Example:

• أفضل مكان للتقاط الصور هو أمام المسجد. (afdal makan liltaqat al-suwar huwa 'amam al-masjid) – "The best place to take pictures is in front of the mosque."

• وسط (wust) means "in the middle of," and it's used to describe a location that is in the central part of a space or an object.

Example:

• الموسيقيون يجتمعون في وسط الغرفة. (al-musi'qiyun yajtami'oun fi wust al-ghurfah) – "Musicians gather in the middle of the room."

• جوار (gawar) means "nearby," and it's used to describe a location that is close to another object or person.

Example:

• هناك مطعم جيد جوار الفندق. (hunaka mat'am jayyid gawar al-funduq) – "There is a good restaurant nearby the hotel."

Lathalaan ng Nilalaman - Standard Arabic Course - 0 to A1

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Iba pang mga aralin

• 0 to A1 Course → Grammar → Third conditional and mixed conditionals
• 0 to A1 Course → Grammar → Definite and indefinite articles
• 0 to A1 Course → Grammar → Past tense conjugation
• 0 to A1 Course → Grammar → Mga Pangunahing Parirala sa Arabic
• Kurso 0 hanggang A1 → Gramatika → Agreement at placement ng pang-uri
• 0 to A1 Course → Grammar → Differences from the active voice
• 0 to A1 Course → Grammar → Pagbuo at Paggamit
• 0 hanggang A1 Kursong Standard Arabic → Grammar → Pagpapalawak at Pagpapakatindi
• 0 to A1 Course → Grammar → Personal pronouns
• 0 to A1 Course → Grammar → Pagbuo ng mga Tanong
• 0 Hanggang A1 Kurso → Grammar → Pagbuo at paglalagay
• 0 to A1 Course → Grammar → Masculine and feminine nouns
• 0 to A1 Course → Grammar → Present tense conjugation
• 0 to A1 Course → Grammar → Mga Salitang Tanong